Recognising the significance of mental health in terms of both expenditure and the overall health of the population, The King’s Fund commissioned a review. This report presents current and projected needs for mental health services and their related costs. It gives details on a number of specific disorders, including depression, schizophrenic disorders and dementia. Paying the Price suggests that without the right level and type of investment we will all pay the price – not just in wasted resources but also in wasted lives. This report should be used to encourage informed debate about the future nature and shape of mental health support.